Designing a Wellness Program Essay

1.When a health promotion specialist begins the task of designing a wellness program the first and most important step is performing a needs assessment. An important part of the needs assessment is collecting data. There are two main types of data. One is primary data. This is data that you obtain yourself from the population you intend to serve. Examples of primary data are: administer surveys by written or electronic questionnaires, telephone interviews, electronic interviews, face-to-face interviews, Delphi technique, community forums, focus groups, observation, and self assessments. This data is current and straight from the target population with specific information to answer planner’s questions. Negatives for this type of data mainly includes: cost, time, manpower. All of these methods of collecting primary data have their own unique advantages and disadvantages. However, one must examine the intangibles that are associated with each method on an individual program by p rogram basis (McKenzie, Neiger, & Thackeray, 2009). The second form of data one may obtain is termed secondary data. This is data that has already been obtained by someone else and is readily available. Sources include governmental agencies, nongovernmental agencies and organizations, and data available in the literature. Examples of governmental source data from the CDC, FDA, and others would be: census data, health and vital statistics, behavioral risk factors, and cancer statistics. Nongovernmental sources like the American Cancer Society, the American Heart Association, and others can offer information and statistics on topics such as: cancer, heart disease, lung disease, stroke, and many more. Data from literature sources that are peer-reviewed such as Medline and ETHXWeb can be valuable tools to help identify the needs of one’s specific population. This data is generally inexpensive, easier to obtain, usually summarized, and requires less resources to collect. The largest negative to this data is it is not specifically from the target population and therefore might not be applicable one’s target population. How the data was obtained, from whom it was obtained, and a number of other variables can change how valuable data may be for one’s specific target population. Secondary data can also be a great source to help one construct survey instruments to obtain similar data that is straight from your target population (McKenzie, Neiger, & Thackeray, 2009). 2.After working for 16 years I’ve come to the conclusion that most of my colleagues and myself have fallen into two categories, overweight or obese. Unfortunately this is a statewide and a national problem. My solution is to start a walking campaign for TCC employees that will help fight obesity. The first step would be to perform a needs assessment to see if there is an actual obesity problem at my college. This would entail identifying types of information that might help me answer the question of obesity at TCC. My first action would be to contact the person in charge of employee health at TCC and see if there is any secondary data collected from the employees that would be useful for this endeavor or to see if anything similar has ever been attempted at TCC. I would also perform a literature search on walking programs and obesity. Another source of secondary data might include health screenings or other health information obtained from TCC employees. Of course this could be a problem in regards to Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPPA). Other secondary sources that could be utilized are: the Tarrant County Public Health, Texas Department of State Health Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Healthy People.gov. All secondary data would need to be reviewed for its usefulness and how current the information is that would be utilized. Primary data would allow me to collect current data from the target population. Primary data could be collected by internet surveys, mailing surveys, telephone surveys, and organizing focus groups (Fitzhugh, 2012). The next step would be how to collect the data for the assessment. My first action would to ask some colleagues for assistance. We would then break up the work of obtaining the secondary data via the internet and making some phone calls to key personnel to see what data was available. We would obtain all the data we could from the secondary data sources stated prior. In addition, with the college’s approval, I would send out at a Health Risk Appraisal (HRA) survey via e-mail through the college’s mailing system. If needed, I would use the intercampus mail system to send out the HRA survey. I would also organize focus groups to obtain more primary data. And most importantly I would obtain information from the leaders at TCC via surveys or interviews (Fitzhugh, 2012). The third step would be the actual collection of the data. This would take organization, effort, and time. I would first need to gain approval from my superiors at the college to get time off, obtain staff, and obtain funds to collect the data. Obtaining staff might be achieved through volunteerism. Volunteers would not only assist in collecting the data, but would aid in entering and managing data. Funds might be granted from the leaders at the college from various funding sources or even from the county or state levels (Fitzhugh, 2012). The fourth step would involve analyzing the data to profile the actual needs of the TCC employees. For my program the data would need to show that there is a weight problem and that lack of exercise is a key element that could help address this health issue. This would involve organizing the data and comparing our population to the region, state, and even national levels. This would also include both qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data obtained where reliability and validity would be assessed (Fitzhugh, 2012). The last step would be to prioritize and validate the needs of TCC employees. We could perform this by ranking the health issues in order of importance as reported. We could establish a Basic Priority Rating (BPR) which takes into account the size of the problem, seriousness of the problem, effectiveness of possible interventions, and lastly is the intervention doable. One additional method would be to take the data back to a focus group or advisory panel and prioritize by importance and potential for change. Through these processes we may find that there are other larger concerns for TCC employees. One could waste a lot of time, effort, and funds if a proper and thorough assessment is not completed prior to initiating a health promotion program (Fitzhugh, 2012). References Fitzhugh, E. C. (2012). mms://mediasrv1.ccs.ua.edu/CCS-AO2/HHE667-2/module4/667_Video_8.wmv McKenzie, J. F., Neiger, B. L., & Thackeray, R. (2009). Planning, implementing, and evaluating health promotion programs: A primer (5th ed.). San Francisco: Benjamin Cummings.

Part Six Chapter II

II The policewoman had been gentle and kind, in the cluttered cottage by the river, where dank water now covered blankets, chintzy chairs and worn rugs. The old lady who owned the place had brought a hot-water bottle and a cup of boiling tea, which Sukhvinder could not lift because she was shaking like a drill. She had disgorged chunks of information: her own name, and Krystal's name, and the name of the dead little boy that they were loading onto an ambulance. The dog-walker who had pulled her from the river was rather deaf; he gave a statement to the police in the next room, and Sukhvinder hated the sound of his bellowed account. He had tethered his dog to a tree outside the window, and it whined persistently. Then the police had called her parents and they had come, Parminder knocking over a table and smashing one of the old lady's ornaments as she crossed the room with clean clothes in her arms. In the tiny bathroom, the deep dirty gash on Sukhvinder's leg was revealed, peppering the fluffy bath mat with black spots, and when Parminder saw the wound she shrieked at Vikram, who was thanking everyone loudly in the hall, that they must take Sukhvinder to the hospital. She had vomited again in the car, and her mother, who was beside her in the back seat, had mopped her up, and all the way there Parminder and Vikram had kept up a flow of loud talk; her father kept repeating himself, saying things like ‘she'll need a sedative' and ‘that cut will definitely need stitches'; and Parminder, who was in the back seat with the shaking and retching Sukhvinder, kept saying, ‘You might have died. You might have died.' It was as if she was still underwater. Sukhvinder was somewhere she could not breathe. She tried to cut through it all, to be heard. ‘Does Krystal know he's dead?' she asked through chattering teeth, and Parminder had to ask her to repeat the question several times. ‘I don't know,' she answered at last. ‘You might have died, Jolly.' At the hospital, they made her undress again, but this time her mother was with her in the curtained cubicle, and she realized her mistake too late when she saw the expression of horror on Parminder's face. ‘My God,' she said, grabbing Sukhvinder's forearm. ‘My God. What have you done to yourself?' Sukhvinder had no words, so she allowed herself to subside into tears and uncontrollable shaking, and Vikram shouted at everyone, including Parminder, to leave her alone, but also to damn well hurry up, and that her cut needed cleaning and she needed stitches and sedatives and X-rays †¦ Later, they put her in a bed with a parent on each side of her, and both of them stroked her hands. She was warm and numb, and there was no pain in her leg any more. The sky beyond the windows was dark. ‘Howard Mollison's had another heart attack,' she heard her mother tell her father. ‘Miles wanted me to go to him.' ‘Bloody nerve,' said Vikram. To Sukhvinder's drowsy surprise, they talked no more about Howard Mollison. They merely continued to stroke her hands until, shortly afterwards, she fell asleep. On the far side of the building, in a shabby blue room with plastic chairs and a fish tank in the corner, Miles and Samantha were sitting on either side of Shirley, waiting for news from theatre. Miles was still wearing his slippers. ‘I can't believe Parminder Jawanda wouldn't come,' he said for the umpteenth time, his voice cracking. Samantha got up, moved past Shirley, and put her arms around Miles, kissing his thick hair, speckled with grey, breathing in his familiar smell. Shirley said, in a high, strangled voice, ‘I'm not surprised she wouldn't come. I'm not surprised. Absolutely appalling.' All she had left of her old life and her old certainties was attacking familiar targets. Shock had taken almost everything from her: she no longer knew what to believe, or even what to hope. The man in theatre was not the man she had thought she had married. If she could have returned to that happy place of certainty, before she had read that awful post †¦ Perhaps she ought to shut down the whole website. Take away the message boards in their entirety. She was afraid that the Ghost might come back, that he might say the awful thing again †¦ She wanted to go home, right now and disable the website; and while there, she could destroy the EpiPen once and for all †¦ He saw it †¦ I know he saw it †¦ But I'd never have done it, really. I wouldn't have done it. I was upset. I'd never have done it †¦ What if Howard survived, and his first words were: ‘She ran out of the room when she saw me. She didn't call an ambulance straight away. She was holding a big needle †¦' Then I'll say his brain's been affected, Shirley thought defiantly. And if he died †¦ Beside her, Samantha was hugging Miles. Shirley did not like it; she ought to be the centre of attention; it was her husband who was lying upstairs, fighting for his life. She had wanted to be like Mary Fairbrother, cosseted and admired, a tragic heroine. This was not how she had imagined it – ‘Shirley?' Ruth Price, in her nurse's uniform, had come hurrying into the room, her thin face forlorn with sympathy. ‘I just heard – I had to come – Shirley, how awful, I'm so sorry.' ‘Ruth, dear,' said Shirley, getting up, and allowing herself to be embraced. ‘That's so kind. So kind.' Shirley liked introducing her medical friend to Miles and Samantha, and receiving her pity and her kindness in front of them. It was a tiny taste of how she had imagined widowhood †¦ But then Ruth had to go back to work, and Shirley returned to her plastic chair and her uncomfortable thoughts. ‘He'll be OK,' Samantha was murmuring to Miles, as he rested his head on her shoulder. ‘I know he'll pull through. He did last time.' Shirley watched little neon-bright fish darting hither and thither in their tank. It was the past that she wished she could change; the future was a blank. ‘Has anyone phoned Mo?' Miles asked after a while, wiping his eyes on the back of one hand, while the other gripped Samantha's leg. ‘Mum, d'you want me to – ?' ‘No,' said Shirley sharply. ‘We'll wait †¦ until we know.' In the theatre upstairs, Howard Mollison's body overflowed the edges of the operating table. His chest was wide open, revealing the ruins of Vikram Jawanda's handiwork. Nineteen people laboured to repair the damage, while the machines to which Howard was connected made soft implacable noises, confirming that he continued to live. And far below, in the bowels of the hospital, Robbie Weedon's body lay frozen and white in the morgue. Nobody had accompanied him to the hospital, and nobody had visited him in his metal drawer.

Analysis Of The Movie Madea Essay - 969 Words

However, it took her awhile to regain faith and trust, for she was a victim of childhood sexual abuse. This theme is a continuing pattern in films by Tyler Perry. The critics say, â€Å"We find that these films offer largely negative portrayals of middle-class Blacks which ultimately reify old stereotypes of Blacks in film, even while creating new ones.† One of the main characters in his films is Madea played by Tyler Perry himself. Madea is a big, strong, old black woman who has trouble obeying the law but ultimately serves her community by giving guidance to those in distress. In an article, How Do You Solve a Problem Like Madea? It discusses the concerns of her character and how it reflects back to the stereotypical modern-day black American. Tyler Perry claims that the character Madea and his stories mirror the struggle and pain he has been through. He states, â€Å"These characters are simply tools to make people laugh, and says, â€Å"And I know for a fact that they ha ve helped, inspired, and encouraged millions of people.† Tyler Perry’s movies are not just for laughter but carry a message as well. Some critics are against Perry’s approach to comedy, however, this article notes Nelson George who claims â€Å"Comedy and stereotypes go hand in hand.† Many believe Perry down plays the black middle class society. Todd Boyd, cited in this article says, â€Å"All of his productions demonize educated, successful African-Americans.† Similar to Boyd, George says, â€Å"There’s nothing cutting-edge about theShow MoreRelatedLove, Hate, and Temptation1560 Words   |  6 PagesLove, Hate, and Temptation In March 2013, Tyler Perry released Temptation: Confessions of A Marriage Counselor. This is Perry’s 15th movie, which he both wrote and directed. This film, like all of Perry-made movie, gratifies values of the African-American church-going audience. Perry grew up in New Orleans, La. Perry’s childhood was full of hard times, but was soothed by church attendance with his mother. His father, Emmitt Perry Sr. was a carpenter. The family makeup included Perry senior’sRead MoreDirector Comparative Analysis Paper ( Christopher Coby )903 Words   |  4 Pages Director Comparative Analysis Paper (Christopher Coby) To this day he is known as a successful writer, actor, director and producer. Born on September 13, 1969 by his first real name Emmitt Perry Jr. in New Orleans, Louisiana. He was one child out of four and he suffered being abused by his father who was a carpenter who â€Å"beat everything out of them†. At one point of his early teen years he tried to kill himself to get out of his struggle, butRead MoreStereotypes And Stereotypes Of African Americans Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pagestheir own self perceptions and identities (Brown, White-Johnson, and Griffin-Fennell, 2013). The media is responsible for bias and stereotyping in its portrayal of underrepresented groups in society. The dissection of these stereotypes, statistical analysis of black representation in film, and modern depictions in cinema and television will help to prove the harm misrepresentations are capable of. Ideas of black inferiority date back to the slavery era, when the division between â€Å"whiteness† and â€Å"blackness†

Gossip, Lies and Astronomy Essay Topics

Gossip, Lies and Astronomy Essay Topics Astronomy might be the oldest recorded science. It's possible to opt for an intriguing topic from any area of science. Our astronomy topic suggestions can be utilized to create unique tips for your own research papers. You want to set up facts, possess the confidence and demonstrate the very clear evidence of your private viewpoint to certain phenomenon. There's always a chance to select a topic which interests you when you're writing about astronomy, and that's ultimately the most crucial facet of deciding what you would like to write about. Besides general knowledge you have regarding this issue, you won't mind dedicating some opportunity to research, writing procedure, and other aspects essential for the high-quality essay. Hence, the simple way out is to select a previously researched topic in the area of astronomy, so that information gathering gets easier. Even in the event the consequence of your study isn't a scientific breakthrough, it may be of some use in a wide selection of different fields. Anyway, below, it is possible to find topic that are ideal for both circumstances. Still, it's better to get a freedom of choice as far as you are able to select the issue which interests you . One particular important and appropriate subject is technology. Where to Find Astronomy Essay Topics You are not likely to obtain a better writing company than ParamountEssays. Preferably, it needs to be something that you're an expert in. Look at the world today, search on the internet and appear at news articles too there's inspiration everywhere. Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't difficult to discover. New Step by Step Roadmap for Astronomy Essay Topics At our on-line company, writing essays is a special process which can be compared to a masterpiece creation. At length, now that you're prepared to work on your paper, we wish to remind you of the significance of appropriate essay structure. Instead of just immediately writing about your argumentative essay topic, you first have to think about what it is that you're likely to put back on your paper through a procedure of brainstorming and pre-writing. Defining a suitable structure of the astronomy paper which you are writing is essential. The Honest to Goodness Truth on Astronomy Essay Topics In this kind of situation, it's more convenient to locate ready-made essays and use them as an example. When it has to do with writing an argumentative essay, the main matter to do is to select a topic and an argument you could really get behind. Moral argumentative essay topics are a few of the simplest to get carried away with. It is all about arguing and debating on a topic, which is debatable. An argumentative essay is often referred to as a persuasive. It is a particular type of academic writing. At the conclusion of these list, you will discover links to a range of argumentative paragraphs and essays. If you own a list of strong and intriguing topics, you are going to have better prospect of writing a compelling essay. You may pick topics from several lists of ready themes. If you're looking for examples of argumentative essays, here's a sample that will help you out! There are several kinds of essays, and every one of them is challenging in a different way. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics since you need opposing points you could counter to your own points. When students are writing their argumentative essays which need to find, read and analyze a lot of material to do good. Using three or more hooks in your introduction is critical. You have to possess a lot of additional skills to have the ability to create an effective paper and transmit your thoughts to others. Picking an emotional topic is also a superb idea. Just remember to select a topic you're enthusiastic about, it is going to make the entire process many more enjoyable. You may restate your argument, which is a rather common practice amongst essayists. A conclusion is, undoubtedly, the most essential portion of the argumentative essay since you can either support the superior impression or destroy it entirely. As an issue of fact, the content of y our essay is dependent on what you're likely to write about. Astronomy has ever been of amazing interest to numerous people around the world. College is for a high degree of study. Technology is ever-present in our everyday lives. New Step by Step Roadmap for Astronomy Essay Topics When you are finished with your essay, you must not just check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logical fallacies. In circumstances when you get to select the topic for an argumentative essay, you need to be wise and locate a title that will intrigue a reader. When writing an important composition, it's a good idea to pick contradictive topics. The key to pick a very good topic for an argumentative essay is to select a subject where there's a lot of debates on topics or stances.

Comparing Schmitt s And Arendt s Theory Of The Political

Ruling a society has taken many forms, be it the the cruel hand of dictator or the frantic shared thoughts of democracy; an organized state can arguably be ruled by only one end of the spectrum. To conceptualize this view, philosophers Schmitt and Arendt present their interpretations on the political. The central thesis to my paper is then, to present both Schmitt’s and Arendt’s concept of the political and discern which is the most viable from of governing. Schmitt’s structure of the political rest in the friend-enemy distinction dictated by the sovereign. Opposite his view is Arendt, who perceives the political existing with the masses so as to ensure happiness exist. In today’s political climate the oscillation between these two views is the masses believe in Arendt’s theory, while in actual practice of power, Schmitt’s view is currently exercised. The political is then argued as either an autocratic regime or a democratic government. Wher e Arendt agues for the later, it’s feasibility is highly improbable. Schmitt’s concept of the former, though practiced today, is not completely correct but, presents the best form of rule. The order of a state is best ruled by a sovereign so as to allow the country to realize it’s full capabilities. For Schmitt the political exist where a sovereign dictates the polity, recognizing the moral distinction of a group form others and reconciling extreme differences through violence; thus a friend-enemy distinction exists that acts as aShow MoreRelatedStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, p lease submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers

Of Fortune Essay Example For Students

Of Fortune Essay It cannot be denied, but outward accidents conduce much to fortune; favor, opportunity, death of others, occasion fitting virtue. But chiefly, the mould of a mans fortune is in his own hands. Faber quisque fortunÃÆ'ƒÂ ¦ suÃÆ'ƒÂ ¦, saith the poet. And the most frequent of external causes is, that the folly of one man, is the fortune of another. For no man prospers so suddenly, as by others errors. Serpens nisi serpentem comederit non fit draco. Overt and apparent virtues, bring forth praise; but there be secret and hidden virtues, that bring forth fortune; certain deliveries of a mans self, which have no name. The Spanish name, desemboltura, partly expresseth them; when there be not stonds nor restiveness in a mans nature; but that the wheels of his mind, keep way with the wheels of his fortune. For so Livy after he had described Cato Major in these words, In illo viro tantum robur corporis et animi fuit, ut quocunque loco natus esset, fortunam sibi facturus videretur falleth upon that, that he had versatile ingenium. Therefore if a man look sharply and attentively, he shall see Fortune: for though she be blind, yet she is not invisible. The way of fortune, is like the Milken Way in the sky; which is a meeting or knot of a number of small stars; not seen asunder, but giving light together. So are there a number of little, and scarce discerned virtues, or rather faculties and customs, that make men fortunate. The Italians note some of them, such as a man would little think. When they speak of one that cannot do amiss, they will throw in, into his other conditions, that he hath poco di matto. And certainly there be not two more fortunate properties, than to have a little of the fool, and not too much of the honest. Therefore extreme lovers of their country or masters, were never fortunate, neither can they be. For when a man placeth his thoughts without himself, he goeth not his own way. An hasty fortune maketh an enterpriser and remover the French hath it better, entreprenant, or remuant, but the exercised fortune maketh the able man. Fortune is to be honored and respected, and it be but for her daughters, Confidence and Reputation. For those two, Felicity breedeth; the first within a mans self, the latter in others towards him. All wise men, to decline the envy of their own virtues, use to ascribe them to Providence and Fortune; for so they may the better assume them: and, besides, it is greatness in a man, to be the care of the higher powers. So CÃÆ'ƒÂ ¦sar said to the pilot in the tempest, CÃÆ'ƒÂ ¦sarem portas, et fortunam ejus. So Sylla chose the name of Felix, and not of Magnus. And it hath been noted, that those who ascribe openly too much to their own wisdom and policy, end infortunate. It is written that Timotheus the Athenian, after he had, in the account he gave to the state of his government, often interlaced this speech, And in this, Fortune had no part, never prospered in anything, he undertook afterwards. Certainly there be, whose fortunes are like Homers verses, that have a slide and easiness more than the verses of other poets; as Plutarch saith of Timoleons fortune, in respect of that of Agesilaus or Epaminondas. And that this should be, no doubt it is much, in a mans self.

The Recent News Of The Successful Cloning Of An Adult Sheep-in Essays

The recent news of the successful cloning of an adult sheep-in which the sheep's DNA was inserted into an unfertilized sheep egg to produce a lamb with identical DNA-has generated an outpouring of ethical concerns. These concerns are not about Dolly, the now famous sheep, nor even about the considerable impact cloning may have on the animal breeding industry, but rather about the possibility of cloning humans. For the most part, however, the ethical concerns being raised are exaggerated and misplaced, because they are based on erroneous views about what genes are and what they can do. The danger, therefore, lies not in the power of the technology, but in the misunderstanding of its significance. Producing a clone of a human being would not amount to creating a "carbon copy"-an automaton of the sort familiar from science fiction. It would be more like producing a delayed identical twin. And just as identical twins are two separate people-biologically, psychologically, morally and legally, though not genetically-so a clone is a separate person from his or her non-contemporaneous twin. To think otherwise is to embrace a belief in genetic determinism-the view that genes determine everything about us, and that environmental factors or the random events in human development are utterly insignificant. The overwhelming consensus among geneticists is that genetic determinism is false. As geneticists have come to understand the ways in which genes operate, they have also become aware of the myriad ways in which the environment affects their "expression." The genetic contribution to the simplest physical traits, such as height and hair color, is significantly mediated by environmental factors. And the genetic contribution to the traits we value most deeply, from intelligence to compassion, is conceded by even the most enthusiastic genetic researchers to be limited and indirect. Indeed, we need only appeal to our ordinary experience with identical twins-that they are different people despite their similarities-to appreciate that genetic determinism is false. Furthermore, because of the extra steps involved, cloning will probably always be riskier-that is, less likely to result in a live birth-than in vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer. (It took more than 275 attempts before the researchers were able to obtain a successful sheep clone. While cloning methods may improve, we should note that even standard IVF techniques typically have a success rate of less than 20 percent.) So why would anyone go to the trouble of cloning? There are, of course, a few reasons people might go to the trouble, and so it's worth pondering what they think they might accomplish, and what sort of ethical quandaries they might engender. Consider the hypothetical example of the couple who wants to replace a child who has died. The couple doesn't seek to have another child the ordinary way because they feel that cloning would enable them to reproduce, as it were, the lost child. But the unavoidable truth is that they would be producing an entirely different person, a delayed identical twin of that child. Once they understood that, it is unlikely they would persist. But suppose they were to persist? Of course we can't deny that possibility. But a couple so persistent in refusing to acknowledge the genetic facts is not likely to be daunted by ethical considerations or legal restrictions either. If our fear is that there could be many couples with that sort of psychology, then we have a great deal more than cloning to worry about. Another disturbing possibility is the person who wants a clone in order to have acceptable "spare parts" in case he or she needs an organ transplant later in life. But regardless of the reason that someone has a clone produced, the result would nevertheless be a human being with all the rights and protections that accompany that status. It truly would be a disaster if the results of human cloning were seen as less than fully human. But there is certainly no moral justification for and little social danger of that happening; after all, we do not accord lesser status to children who have been created through IVF or embryo transfer. There are other possibilities we could spin out. Suppose a couple wants a "designer child"-a clone of Cindy Crawford or Elizabeth Taylor-because they want a daughter who will grow up to be as attractive as those women. Indeed, suppose someone wants a clone, never mind of whom, simply to enjoy the notoriety of having one. We cannot rule out such cases as impossible. Some people produce children for all sorts of frivolous or contemptible reasons. But we must remember that cloning is not as easy as going to a video store or